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Typhoon Rammasun, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Florita, was the first of four typhoons to contribute to heavy rainfall and deadly flooding in the Philippines in July 2002. The fifth tropical cyclone of the 2002 Pacific typhoon season, Rammasun developed around the same time as Typhoon Chataan, only further to the west. The storm tracked northwestward toward Taiwan, and on July 2 it attained its peak intensity with winds of 160 km/h (100 mph). Rammasun turned northward, passing east of Taiwan and China. In Taiwan, the outer rainbands dropped rainfall that alleviated drought conditions. In China, the rainfall occurred after previously wet conditions, resulting in additional flooding, although damage was less than expected; there was about $85 million in crop and fishery damage in one province. After affecting Taiwan and China, Rammasun began weakening due to an approaching trough, which turned the typhoon northeastward. It passed over the Japanese island of Miyako-jima and also produced strong winds in Okinawa. About 10,000 houses lost power on the island, and high surf killed two sailors. On the Japanese mainland, there was light crop damage and one serious injury. After weakening to a tropical storm, Rammasun passed just west of the South Korean island of Cheju-do, killing one person from high waves. The storm crossed the country, killing three others and leaving $9.5 million in damage. High rains also affected North Korea and Primorsky Krai in the Russian Far East. ==Meteorological history== Toward the end of June, the monsoon trough extended across the western North Pacific Ocean just north of the equator, spawning two tropical disturbances. The easternmost one eventually developed into Typhoon Chataan, and the western disturbance persisted to the east of Palau with an associated area of convection. The system gradually organized, developing a weak circulation after wind shear steadily decreased. Early on June 28, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified the system as a tropical depression near Yap in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM).〔 At the same time, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) declared the system as Tropical Depression Florita,〔 and a few hours later the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) initiated advisories on Tropical Depression 09W.〔 After forming, the depression tracked northwestward, influenced by a ridge to the northeast, although it briefly turned to the northeast due to an increase in westerly winds; however, its northwest motion quickly resumed. A trough over the Philippine Sea increased outflow over the depression, and the convection became better organized.〔 Early on June 29, the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Rammasun.〔 While moving northwestward, the circulation initially remained broad and disorganized, located east of the cycling convection. However, Rammasun steadily intensified, and an eye developed on July 1.〔 That day, the JMA and the JTWC upgraded the storm to a typhoon about 930 km (575 mi) east of Luzon in the Philippines.〔〔 The typhoon continued strengthening, developing concentric eyewalls with well-defined rainbands.〔 At 1500 UTC on July 2, the JMA estimated peak 10 minute sustained winds of 160 km/h (100 mph).〔 Early on July 3, the JTWC estimated 1 minute sustained winds of 205 km/h (125 mph) about 350 km (220 mi) south-southeast of Okinawa, or 510 km (315 mi) southeast of Taiwan.〔 While at peak intensity, Rammasun turned northward, steered around the subtropical ridge to its east,〔 and early on July 3 it struck the Japanese island of Miyako-jima.〔 A stationary trough over China weakened the convection on the western periphery of the typhoon, and the eye gradually became less organized.〔 On July 4, Rammasun began weakening,〔 and by 0000 UTC on July 5 it was located about 280 km (175 mi) east-northeast of Shanghai as a minimal typhoon.〔 Shortly thereafter, Rammasun weakened to tropical stom status.〔 An approaching trough caused the storm to accelerate to the northeast, which weakened the convection and left the circulation exposed.〔 Around 2200 UTC on July 5, Rammasun made landfall in South Korea,〔 near Seosan or about 70 km (45 mi) northwest of the country’s capital of Seoul.〔 The JTWC estimated that the landfall intensity was around 65 km/h (40 mph). The storm quickly crossed the country,〔 and although the JTWC considered Rammasun dissipated early on July 6 over the country,〔 the JMA continued tracking the storm toward the northeast, declaring the storm extratropical at 1200 UTC that day. Early on July 8, the JMA reported that the remnants of Rammasun dissipated to the south of Vladivostok.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Typhoon Rammasun (2002)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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